Probiotic Wheat Drinks: Study of Secondary Metabolites and Bioactive Compounds

Abstract   Background and Objective: Nowadays, there are a wide variety of probiotic beverages made from animal-derived ingredients that contain beneficial microorganisms for human health. In contrast, probiotic beverages made from plant-based sources are much less common, despite their organic acids, which are biologically active substances. The aim of the study was to quantitatively assess the concentration of secondary metabolites of yeasts and lactic acid bacteria in a fermented grain drinks, as well as sensory characteristics of the drinks. Material and Methods: Probiotic beverage samples were produced wheat as their primary grain ingredient. Fermentation process involved use of various lactic acid bacteria strains, including Lactobacillus delbrueckii, Lactobacillus brevis, Lactobacillus buchneri, Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus fermentum as well as various strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeasts. Additionally, commercially manufactured soft drinks made from grain-based ingredients were used as the basis for the comparison. Contents and concentrations of organic acids were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography, following the guidelines by the government standard. This technique involved separation of specific organic acids on a solid support using reversed-phase mechanism. Results and Conclusion: The probiotic wheat drink contained 1300 mg.dm-3 lactic acid, suggesting the presence of lactic acid fermentation. Detection of citric and succinic acids of respectively 80 and 152 mg.dm-3 indicated heteroenzymatic nature of lactic acid fermentation. Therefore, development of aromas described as clove, fruity and banana-like was expected, generally considered favorable in the context of probiotic wheat drinks. Data make it possible to predict creation of the flavor profiles of fermented drinks from vegetable raw materials using complex combinations of lactic acid bacteria and yeasts. Conflict of interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest

Exploring Networks of Lexical Variation in Russian Sign Language

When describing variation at the lexical level in sign languages, researchers often distinguish between phonological and lexical variants, using the following principle: if two signs differ in only one of the major phonological components (handshape, orientation, movement, location), then they are considered phonological variants, otherwise they are considered separate lexemes. We demonstrate that this principle leads to contradictions in some simple and more complex cases of variation. We argue that it is useful to visualize the relations between variants as graphs, and we describe possible networks of variants that can arise using this visualization tool. We further demonstrate that these scenarios in fact arise in the case of variation in color terms and kinship terms in Russian Sign Language (RSL), using a newly created database of lexical variation in RSL. We show that it is possible to develop a set of formal rules that can help distinguish phonological and lexical variation also in the problematic scenarios. However, we argue that it might be a mistake to dismiss the actual patterns of variant relations in order to arrive at the binary lexical vs. phonological variant opposition.publishedVersio

Комплексная психофизиологическая оценка эмоционального состояния футбольных фанатов : динамика в условиях саморегуляции, критерии и индикаторы

В работе представлен опыт пилотного исследования комплексной психофизиологической оценки эмоционального состояния футбольных фанатов. Тема беспорядков и агрессивного поведения определенной части зрителей на футбольных стадионах становится все более актуальной в последнее время. В преддверии Чемпионата Мира по футболу 2018 года с особой остротой встает проблема предупреждения вспышек агрессивного и деструктивного поведения будущими зрителями футбольных матчей. Целью данной работы является определение эффективности применения комплексной психофизиологической диагностики на аппарате биологической обратной связи для оценки динамики эмоционального состояния футбольных фанатов при обучении их методам осознанной саморегуляции. Выборка включала в себя футбольных фанатов в возрасте 19-27 лет с фанатским опытом от семи до десяти лет. Во время эксперимента участникам были показаны видеофрагменты, моделирующие ситуацию на футбольном стадионе, и вызывающие положительную или отрицательную эмоциональную реакцию. Впоследствии участников попросили заполнить анкету, отслеживающую их эмоциональный ответ. Это исследование выявило достоверную взаимосвязь субъективной оценки времени эмоционального успокоения и уровня агрессии фанатов. Использование проективных методов, таких как тест руки Вагнера и цветовой тест Собчик, показало, что эмоциональность экспериментальной группы достоверно ниже, чем контрольной, что может свидетельствовать об эффективности применения методов саморегуляции. Согласно комплексной психофизиологической оценке состояния футбольных фанатов, включающей в себя измерение частоты сердечных сокращений, кожногальванической реакции и фотоплетизмографии, фотоплетизмография является наиболее чувствительным индикатором направленного изменения эмоционального состояния, что делает возможным ее использование в системе выработки навыков саморегуляции по методу биологически обратной связи у футбольных фанатов. Дальнейшая работа должна быть направлена на расширение выборки испытуемых, включение в исследование дополнительных психофизиологических маркеров эмоциональных состояний, апробирование метода саморегуляции путем биологической обратной связи на основе плетизмографии.This paper presents the results of the preliminary research aimed at a complex psychophysiological assessment of the emotional state of football fans. The issue of mob violence and aggressive behavior of some football fans at football stadiums and the prevention of aggressive and destructive behavior of football spectators in the run up to the FIFA World Cup 2018 make this research relevant. The purpose of this study is to compare the emotional state of a football fan before and after teaching them conscious self-regulation methods and to evaluate the effectiveness of the application of complex psychophysiological diagnostics using the biofeedback device during the training session. The sample for this research is 19-27year-old football fans with a fan experience from seven to ten years. During the experiment, we have modeled a situation at a football stadium via showing participants football-themed video clips that would persuade them to react in a positive or negative way. Afterwards, the participants were asked to fill in questionnaires, which are aimed at describing their emotional response and self-evaluating their behavior. This study has shown that there is a direct statistically proven connection between the emotional response of a football fan and their subjectively estimated settling time. Projective techniques such as the Hand Test of Edwin Wagner and a modified version of Lüscher Colour Test proposed by Liudmila Sobchik were used to indicate a steady decrease in affective ratio and emotional excitement of a group which was taught a self-regulation technique. The complex psychophysiological assessment of football fans, including the measurement of heart rate, galvanic skin responses, and a photoplethysmography has shown the photoplethysmography to be the most reliable method of indicating the directional change of an emotional state. As a result, it became clear that it is possible to use this technique to develop self-regulation skills using biofeedback. In conclusion, the prospects of the current research is in enlarging the sample in terms of quantity and age, including extra psychophysiological markers of emotional states in our methodology, and approving a method of a self-regulation via biofeedback based on the plethysmography.Este trabajo presenta los resultados de la investigación preliminar dirigido a un complejo psicofisiológica de la evaluación del estado emocional de los aficionados al fútbol. El problema de la violencia de las multitudes y el comportamiento agresivo de algunos de los aficionados al fútbol en los estadios de fútbol y la prevención de la agresividad y el comportamiento destructivo de fútbol de espectadores en el período previo a la Copa Mundial de la FIFA 2018 realizar esta investigación pertinente. El propósito de este estudio es comparar el estado emocional de un aficionado al fútbol antes y después de enseñarles consciente de la auto-regulación y métodos para evaluar la efectividad de la aplicación de complejos psicofisiológica diagnóstico mediante el biofeedback dispositivo durante la sesión de entrenamiento. La muestra para la presente investigación se 19-27 años, los aficionados al fútbol con un ventilador experiencia de siete a diez años. Durante el experimento, se han modelado una situación en un estadio de fútbol a través de mostrar a los participantes con temática de fútbol clips de vídeo que podría persuadir a reaccionar de una manera positiva o negativa. Posteriormente, se pidió a los participantes completar los cuestionarios, que se orientan a describir su respuesta emocional y la auto-evaluación de su comportamiento. Este estudio ha demostrado que existe una relación directa estadísticamente demostrado la conexión entre la respuesta emocional de un aficionado al fútbol y a sus subjetivamente estima que el tiempo de asentamiento. Técnicas proyectivas tales como la Mano de la Prueba de Edwin Wagner y una versión modificada de Lüscher Color de la Prueba propuesta por Liudmila Sobchik se utiliza para indicar una disminución constante en la relación afectiva y emocional la emoción de un grupo que fue enseñado una auto-regulación técnica. El complejo psicofisiológica de la evaluación de los aficionados al fútbol, incluyendo la medición de la frecuencia cardíaca, galvánica de la piel de las respuestas, y un fotopletismografia ha demostrado la fotopletismografia a ser el método más fiable de lo que indica el cambio de dirección de un estado emocional. Como resultado, quedó claro que es posible utilizar esta técnica para el desarrollo de habilidades de autorregulación mediante biofeedback. En conclusión, las perspectivas de la investigación actual está en la ampliación de la muestra en términos de cantidad y de edad, incluyendo más marcadores psicofisiológicos de los estados emocionales en nuestra metodología, y la aprobación de un método de auto-regulación a través de la biorretroalimentación basado en la pletismografía

FERROELECTRIC NANOCOMPOSITES WITH GOVERNED INTERFACE ON BASE OF MAGNETIC POROUS GLASSES

Two-phase (nonporous) magnetic alkali borosilicate glasses have been produced by induction melting. Their macroscopic properties and crystal structure have been studied and it is shown that in the silica skeleton there are the agglomerates of Fe3O4. These agglomerates are formed by monodomain nanoparticles of magnetite and demonstrate the superparamagnetic properties. After special thermal treatment (liquation process) and chemical etching the nanoporous matrices with random dendrite pore structure and magnetic properties have been produced. The channels (porous space) were filled by ferroelectric materials KH2PO4 (KDP), KH2PO4+(NH4)H2PO4 (KDP-ADP or KADP), and NaNO2 and the effect of applied magnetic fields on phase transitions in these nanocomposite have been studied. It has also been established that a restricted geometry changed essentially the phase diagram of KADP.

Prospects of legal regulation and use of the digital rouble

This article considers the problems associated with the prospects of central banks issuing and circulating digital currency, in particular the digital rouble. The study found that at present there is virtually no need to issue such a currency as an alternative to cryptocurrency (virtual currency), because cryptocurrency has largely lost its properties as a means of payment with the acquisition of the qualities of an investment instrument. The advantages of a cryptocurrency over non-cash money, which is familiar and also has excellent qualities as a settlement tool, are also not obvious. The positioning of offline payments as a benefit of the digital rouble is questionable given the prospects of full Internet coverage in Russia and the significant technological and legal complexities involved in the organization and control of such payments. Building trust in the new form of the national currency, without which it will not be in demand, will require building a mechanism for legal protection of consumers' rights. There is also a need for a mechanism to address the risks associated with laundering proceeds of crime, financing terrorism and proliferation of weapons of mass destruction. It is difficult to formalise such a mechanism in the absence of international legal regulatio

From preschool to school education: the structure of the emotive environment

AbstractSituations of an emotional pressure on children are investigated in the conditions of transition from preschool to school education. The article defines the structure of the emotive environment of the first grader and shows the differences from the standard model of child's transition from preschool to school education. During this transition the contribution of some components from the group of other emotive situations proves to be equal or even bigger than that of the traditionally important educational and game motivations

The effectiveness of the use of the drug “Furinaid” in complex therapy in the treatment of idiopathic cystitis in small pets

The disease of the lower urinary tract in cats is clinically significant pathology affecting about 7% of cats. Idiopathic feline cystitis (ICC) is diagnosed in more than half of cases of lower urinary tract disease in cats under the age of ten years. The cat HCC is a diagnosis of exclusion, in other words, urolithiasis and bacterial infections of the urinary tract should be excluded from the diagnosis. There are several reasons leading to the occurrence of diseases of the lower urinary system of cats. However, the idiopathic form of this disease (idiopathic cat cystitis) is one of the most common today. Stress, as it is now known, plays a very important role in the initiation and/or aggravation of the course of HCC. Worldwide, idiopathic cystitis is the most common cause of diseases of the lower urinary tract of cats, both males and females. The development of effective methods for the treatment of idiopathic cystitis in cats is one of the promising areas of veterinary science and practice. The article presents the results of studies obtained in assessing the effectiveness of the use of the drug “Furinaid” in complex therapy in the treatment of idiopathic cystitis in cats. Based on the obtained research results, it was found that 100% of the animals recovered in all the test groups, which indicates that the animals were properly treated, but the scheme using the drug “Furinaid” was therapeutically more effective. Therefore, it can be argued that in pharmacotherapy of idiopathic cystitis in cats, the use of drugs containing glucosaminoglycans is of great importance

Information and analytical support for the detection and investigation of crimes

The effectiveness of law enforcement agencies is constantly monitored by the public, and its indicator is the safety of citizens, the ability to exercise their rights and freedoms. One of the strategic resources of the life of modern society is various information. Computer networks, geographical information systems, means of tactical forecasting of crimes, numerous integrated databases are already widely applied in the activities of the law enforcement agencies. Despite this, the main information resource for forensic purposes represented by the information arrays of the forensic registration system still remains a repository of heterogeneous data, the collective use of which causes significant organizational and technical difficulties. Information and analytical support for the disclosure and investigation of crimes is aimed at obtaining an analytical information product about the structure, hierarchy, and composition of criminal groups, about the commodity and cash flows and relations of individuals and legal entities, about their joint criminal activities, about the unidentified circumstances of the events of the crime to be proven. The implementation of cumulative inspections of objects and traces on various information arrays helps to establish the missing information about the crime event

pН AND TEMPERATURE EFFECT ON WHEAT GERM CAКE CATALASE ACTIVITY AND RIGOR

The paper presents the results of the study considering the role of catalase as the governing factor at wheat germ storage. The рН and temperature effect on wheat germ cake catalase activity and rigor has been considered and analyzed